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Three Bridges railway station

Coordinates: 51°07′01″N 0°09′40″W / 51.117°N 0.161°W / 51.117; -0.161
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Three Bridges
National Rail
Southbound Southern Class 377 departing Platform 3 in November 2006
General information
LocationThree Bridges, Borough of Crawley
England
Grid referenceTQ288369
Managed bySouthern
Platforms5
Other information
Station codeTBD
ClassificationDfT category C1
History
Opened12 July 1841
Original companyLondon & Brighton Railway
Pre-groupingLondon, Brighton & South Coast Railway
Post-groupingSouthern Railway
Passengers
2019/20Decrease 3.190 million
 Interchange Increase 0.959 million
2020/21Decrease 0.772 million
 Interchange Decrease 0.231 million
2021/22Increase 2.195 million
 Interchange Increase 0.560 million
2022/23Increase 2.792 million
 Interchange Increase 0.718 million
2023/24Increase 3.052 million
 Interchange Increase 0.761 million
Notes
Passenger statistics from the Office of Rail and Road

Three Bridges railway station is located in and named after the village of Three Bridges, which is now a district of the town of Crawley, West Sussex, England. This station is the diverging point from the Arun valley line and the Brighton Mainline. Thameslink operate the majority of services through the station; from Bedford, Cambridge and Peterborough to Horsham and Brighton. There is also a terminating thameslink service from Bedford. A half hourly southern service along the Arun valley route runs from Portsmouth Harbour and Bognor Regis to London Victoria. On Sundays a southern service runs to Brighton from London Victoria (the only BML service to run from Victoria that calls at three bridges station ) It is 29 miles 21 chains (47.1 km) down the line from London Bridge via Redhill. Three Bridges Depot is situated to the south of the station, the main depot for thameslink class 700s south of London. A network rail signalling centre is found nearby as well, see rail facilities below.

History

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The original Italianate style railway station on the East side of the line at Three Bridges was opened in July 1841 by the London and Brighton Railway at a point next to their proposed branch to Horsham. It was designed by the architect David Mocatta, and was one of a series of standardised modular buildings used by the railway.[1] This building was demolished 5 May 1985.[2] Mocatta's plans for the station indicate that it was originally going to be known as "Crawley"[3] but according to The London and Brighton railway guide, of 1841 and the 1846 timetable it was named "Three Bridges" from the time it was opened.[4]

Enlargement

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The London and Brighton Railway merged with others to become the London Brighton and South Coast Railway in 1846, and the branch to Horsham was opened two years later. Three Bridges was enlarged in July 1855 with the construction of a branch line to East Grinstead and again enlarged in 1906/9 at the time of the quadrupling of the main line. The present ticket office was then built on the west side of the line and new platforms and station buildings for the new lines.

Electrification

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Three Bridges was a key site for the electrification scheme for the Brighton main line during 1932/33, housing the control room for the scheme, and was one of three locations where current was taken from the national network and transmitted to substations.[5] Electric multiple unit trains began to run between London and Three Bridges on 17 July 1932. The line was electrified throughout on 30 December.[6] At the same time the practice of using "slip coaches" for East Grinstead at Three Bridges from expresses bound for the south coast was abandoned by the Southern Railway.[7] The line from Three Bridges to Horsham was electrified in May 1938.[8] The single-track branch line to East Grinstead was never electrified. It remained steam operated, using tank locomotives of the M7 and H classes hauling push–pull trains. After the end of steam operation in 1964, it was then briefly operated by diesel-electric multiple units of British Rail Class 205 but closed on 2 January 1967.

Accidents

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There have been five recorded accidents at Three Bridges station, the first two of which were relatively minor and involved no injuries. On 12 April 1858 an engine collided with passenger carriages, and on 18 October 1863 an excursion train hit the buffer stops. Two members of station staff died on 13 December 1868 from an explosion of naphtha in a truck of a goods train.[9] On 10 January 1923, shunter Frederick Harmer aged 23, was at work when he slipped from boarding that was covering signal wires. Harmer fell onto the buffer of a wagon and was crushed fatally.[10] On 28 January 1933 an electric train crashed into the back of a steam freight train waiting at the signal box. The driver of the electric train and the guard of the freight train were both seriously injured.[11]

Recent history

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In 2021, a tactile map was installed, in collaboration with the Royal National Institute of Blind People, to help blind and partially sighted passengers navigate the station.[12]

  • Brighton Belle (right) passing auto-train in 1958
    Brighton Belle (right) passing auto-train in 1958
  • Rail bridge at Three Bridges Railway Station
    Rail bridge at Three Bridges Railway Station
  • Three Bridges Railway Station, viewed from the A2220
    Three Bridges Railway Station, viewed from the A2220
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Locomotive depot and goods yard

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Three Bridges Locomotive Depot, 11 December 1948, before the roof was repaired

An engine shed was opened in July 1848 on a site to the west of the station. This was closed in 1909 to make way for the enlargement of the station and a new depot was established in the fork between the Brighton and Horsham lines in 1911, which remained open until June 1964.

The original small goods yard to the south of the station was greatly extended during the First World War and was used as a marshalling yard for munitions trains heading for the Continent. Trains from the Great Western Railway and the London and North Western Railway were brought here for onward transmission to Newhaven Harbour.[13]

In the early 2000s, Virgin CrossCountry built a depot at Three Bridges operated by English Welsh and Scottish Railway to service its Class 220 Voyagers.[14] It closed following CrossCountry withdrawing its Gatwick and Brighton services in December 2008 and was subsequently demolished and replaced with EMU stabling sidings.[15]

Three Bridges rail operating centre

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See also: Rail operating centre

In 2010 Network Rail selected Three Bridges as its preferred site for a signalling centre for trains operating in the southeast of England, being central to the London, Brighton, and future Thameslink services, and with no major negative planning issues.[16] A 1.7 ha (4.2-acre) site 0.5 mi (0.80 km) south of Three Bridges station was selected, located in the "fork" between the Arun Valley Line and Brighton Main Line (51°06′44″N 0°09′47″W / 51.1123°N 0.1631°W / 51.1123; -0.1631 (Three Bridges railway operating centre)); the centre was located east of a DB Schenker rail depot, and east of depot facilities for the Thameslink rolling stock programme trains, which was under planning development at the same time.[17][18] The operating centre build was designed as a 71.45 by 34.8 m (234.4 by 114.2 ft) three-storey building with 6,980 m2 (75,100 sq ft) of floorspace, providing railway operational, administrative and training facilities. Equipment was primarily on the ground floor, with the operation rooms on first and second floors.[19]

In December 2011, Network Rail began construction of a rail operating centre at Three Bridges, one of 14 countrywide intended to replace several hundred signalboxes; the Three Bridges centre was built to control rail operations in the Sussex area. The facility was constructed by C. Spencer Ltd, and was expected to employ around 600 people, with a 900-person net job benefit once complete.[20][21] The facility was officially opened in January 2014, with the last section of London Bridge Area Signalling Centre moving to the Three Bridges site in 2020.[22]

Three Bridges rolling stock depot

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Main article: Three Bridges depot

In 2009 Network Rail submitted a planning application for a rolling stock depot including a three road shed for trains to be procured under the Thameslink rolling stock programme; rejection of the plans for a sister depot at Hornsey resulted in modified plans being submitted in 2011, with the Three Bridges depot expanded to a five-road shed with additional stabling and facilities. The depot was opened in October 2015.[23]

Current services

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The station remains an important junction on the Brighton Main Line throughout Southern Railway and British Railways ownership. Train services are now provided by Southern and Thameslink train operating companies.

Facilities

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Besides a booking hall, the station has refreshment facilities and shops, as well as toilets and accessibility lifts to platforms.

Platform layout

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  • Platform 1: - From Crawley to London via Redhill - Some fast services in the peaks
  • Platform 2: - To London via Redhill / Down to Chichester (off-peak) (Up Slow) Some Terminus from Victoria and Bedford (Down Slow)
  • Platform 3: - To Horsham/Bognor/Crawley - Occasionally Brighton (Down Slow)
  • Platform 4: - To Bedford - Most Thameslink and Fast Victoria services (Up Fast)
  • Platform 5: - To Brighton and/or Eastbourne and/or Littlehampton (Down Fast)

Services

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Services at Three Bridges are operated by Southern and Thameslink using Class 377 and 700 EMUs.

The typical off-peak service in trains per hour is:[24]

On Sundays, the services to London Victoria and Cambridge reduce to hourly. The service from Horsham to Peterborough does not run, but instead one of the Bedford trains ordinarily terminating at Three Bridges is extended to Horsham.

During the night, the station is served by a half-hourly Thameslink service to Bedford (not calling at London Bridge). This service runs on Sunday-Friday nights with an hourly Southern service to London Victoria on Saturday nights.

Preceding station National Rail National Rail Following station
Southern
Thameslink
  Thameslink
  Balcombe
or
Haywards Heath
Disused railways
Terminus   British Rail Southern Region
  Rowfant

References

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  1. ^ Turner, John Howard (1977). The London Brighton and South Coast Railway 1 Origins and Formation. Batsford. ISBN 978-0-7134-0275-9. p.128.
  2. ^ Chi Trevor (5 May 1985). "Chi Trevor's Photostream". Retrieved 30 July 2010.
  3. ^ Cole, David (1958). "Mocatta's stations for the Brighton Railway". Journal of Transport History. 5 (3). Manchester: Manchester University Press: 149–157. doi:10.1177/002252665800300304. ISSN 0022-5266. S2CID 115346320.
  4. ^ Times, Railway (1841). "The London and Brighton railway guide, containing a correct description of the railway, historical and topographical notices of the places contiguous to the various stations, 1841". Lse Selected Pamphlets. JSTOR 60240078..
  5. ^ Moody, G.T. (1968). Southern Electric 1909-1968. Ian Allan. p. 53.
  6. ^ Moody (1968), pp.52-4.
  7. ^ Kidner, R.W. (1984). Southern Suburban Steam. Oakwood Press. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-85361-298-8.
  8. ^ Moody (1968), pp.68.
  9. ^ Board of Trade Accidents: inspecting officers' reports for 1866-1871. pp.109-112.
  10. ^ Esbester, Mike (9 January 2023). "'Never even blew me cap off!': Railway Grouping & accidents pt 1". Railway Work, Life & Death. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
  11. ^ "Report on the Accident at Three Bridges on 28th January 1933". The Railways Archive.
  12. ^ Holden, Alan (19 May 2021). "Railway stations in Hertfordshire and Sussex mapped for blind and partially sighted passengers". Rail Advent. Retrieved 19 May 2021.
  13. ^ Bradley, D.L. (1974). The Locomotives of the London Brighton and South Coast Railway. Part 3. Railway Correspondence and Travel Society. p.133.
  14. ^ 2001-2002 Bon Voyage(r) 1S76
  15. ^ 2008 The end is nigh 1S76
  16. ^ Network Rail & ARUP 2011, Planning Statement. 2.2, p.6; B1, pp.81-83.
  17. ^ Network Rail & ARUP 2011, Planning Statement. 2.3.1, p.8; 3.1.1, p.9; Fig.1, p.10.
  18. ^ Network Rail & ARUP 2011, (3BR-GX-205 04) Site Plan with TBOC.
  19. ^ Network Rail & ARUP 2011, Design and Access Statement. 4. pp.20-21.
  20. ^ "Bringing 900 jobs to Three Bridges". Network Rail. 12 December 2011.
  21. ^ Work Starts on Three Bridges Rail Operating Centre: 900 Jobs to Follow, Network Rail, 12 December 2011, archived from the original on 22 February 2014
  22. ^ Rail operating centre officially opened in Three Bridges, Network Rail, 7 January 2014, archived from the original on 22 February 2014
  23. ^ "Predictive maintenance at the heart of Thameslink EMU depot", railwaygazette.com, 15 October 2015
  24. ^ Table 183, 184, 185, 186 National Rail timetable, May 2022

Sources

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Media related to Three Bridges railway station at Wikimedia Commons

51°07′01″N 0°09′40″W / 51.117°N 0.161°W / 51.117; -0.161

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